Doing Good Better: How Effective Altruism Can Help You Help Others, Do Work that Matters, and Make Smarter Choices about Giving Back
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Review : An up-and-coming visionary in the world of philanthropy and a cofounder of the effective altruism movement explains why most of our ideas about how to make a difference are wrong and presents a counterintuitive way for each of us to do the most good possible. While a researcher at Oxford, William MacAskill decided to devote his study to a simple question: How can we do good better? MacAskill realized that, while most of us want to make a difference, we often decide how to do so based on assumptions and emotions rather than facts. As a result, our good intentions often lead to ineffective, sometimes downright harmful, outcomes. As an antidote, MacAskill and his colleagues developed effective altruism—a practical, data-driven approach to doing good that allows us to make a tremendous difference regardless of our resources. Effective altruists operate by asking certain key questions that force them to think differently, set aside biases, and use evidence and careful reasoning rather than act on impulse. In Doing Good Better , MacAskill lays out these principles and shows that, when we use them correctly—when we apply the head and the heart to each of our altruistic endeavors—each of us has the power to do an astonishing amount of good. Read more
Review : Not all good intentions do the good they intend, or , even if they do, an equal contribution may have done hundreds of times more good , even in the same area, so William MacAskill is a champion for "Effective Altruism". 5 of his key questions to consider before donating your time or money or other resources are: 1. How many people benefit, and by how much? The quality-adjusted life year, or QALY, allows us to compare the impact of different sorts of health programs. Suppose you want to donate $10,000 and need to choose between two options: a 40-year-old with AIDS or a 20-year-old who is going blind. The first option will improve the recipient’s quality of life by 50% to 90% for five years. This equals 6.5 QALYs (Quality Adjusted Life Years). The second option improves the recipient’s quality of life from 40% to 100%. This equals 30 QALYs (Quality Adjusted Life Years). 2. Is this the most effective thing you can do? After going through Scared Straight, juveniles were more likely to commit crimes than they would have been otherwise, so the program did harm overall. 3. Is this area neglected? Natural disasters get far more funding than ongoing causes of death and suffering such as disease; for that reason, disaster relief usually isn’t the most effective use of funds. Diseases, like malaria, that affect people in the developing world get far less funding than conditions like cancer; for that reason you have a much bigger impact treating people with malaria than with cancer. 4. What would have happened otherwise? In careers like medicine, you’re sometimes simply doing good work that would have happened anyway; if you earn to give, however, you make a difference that wouldn’t otherwise have occurred. 5. What are the chances of success, and how good would success be? Some activities—such as voting, entering politics, campaigning for systemic change, or mitigating risks of global catastrophe—are effective not because they’re likely to make a difference but because their impact is so great if they do make a difference.
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